4. If the ratio of the speeds of A and B is a:b , then the ratio of the times taken by them to cover the same distance is1:1ab
or b:a.
5. Suppose a man covers a certain distance at x km/ hr and an equal distance at y km / hr . Then , the average speed during the whole journey is2xykm/ hr.
x+y
SOLVED EXAMPLES
Ex. 1.How many minutes does Aditya take to cover a distance of 400 m, if he runs at a speed of 20 km/hr?
Ex. 3.A dog takes 4 leaps for every 5 leaps of a hare but 3 leaps of a dog are equal to 4 leaps of the hare. Compare their speeds.
Sol. Let the distance covered in 1 leap of the dog be x and that covered in 1 leap of the hare by y.
Then , 3x = 4y => x = 4 y=>4x = 16y.
33
\ Ratio of speeds of dog and hare = Ratio of distances covered by themin the same time
= 4x : 5y = 16 y : 5y=16 : 5= 16:15
33
Ex. 4.While covering a distance of 24 km, a man noticed that after walking for 1 hour and 40 minutes, the distance covered by him was 5 of the remaining distance. What was his speed in metres per second?
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Sol. Let the speed be x km/hr.
Then, distance covered in 1 hr. 40 min. i.e., 1 2 hrs= 5xkm
Ex. 5.Peter can cover a certain distance in 1 hr. 24 min. by covering two-third of the distance at 4 kmph and the rest at 5 kmph. Find the total distance.
Sol.Let the total distance be x km . Then,
2 x1 x
3+3=7óx+x = 7ó7x= 42óx = 6
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Ex. 6.A man traveled from the village to the post-office at the rate of 25 kmph and walked back at the rate of 4 kmph. If the whole journey took 5 hours 48 minutes, find the distance of the post-office from the village.
Distance traveled in 5 hours 48 minutes i.e., 5 4hrs.={ 200 *29 } km= 40 km
5295
Distance of the post-office from the village ={40}= 20 km
2
Ex. 7.An aeroplane files along the four sides of a square at the speeds of 200,400,600 and 800km/hr.Find the average speed of the plane around the field.
Sol. :
Let each side of the square be x km and let the average speed of the plane around the field by y km per hour then ,
Ex. 8.Walking at 5 of its usual speed, a train is 10 minutes too late. Find its usual time to cover the journey.
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Sol. :New speed =5/6 of the usual speed
New time taken=6/5 of the usual time
So,( 6/5 of the usual time )-( usual time)=10 minutes.
=>1/5 of the usual time=10 minutes.
ðusual time=10 minutes
Ex. 9.If a man walks at the rate of 5 kmph, he misses a train by 7 minutes. However, if he walks at the rate of 6 kmph, he reaches the station 5 minutes before the arrival of the train. Find the distance covered by him to reach the station.
Sol. Let the required distance be x km
Difference in the time taken at two speeds=1 min =1/2 hr
Hence x/5-x/6=1/5<=>6x-5x=6
óx=6
Hence, the required distance is 6 km
Ex. 10. A and B are two stations 390 km apart. A train starts from A at 10 a.m. and travels towards B at 65 kmph. Another train starts from B at 11 a.m. and travels towards A at 35 kmph. At what time do they meet?
Sol. Suppose they meet x hours after 10 a.m. Then,
(Distance moved by first in x hrs) + [Distance moved by second in (x-1) hrs]=390.
65x + 35(x-1) = 390=> 100x = 425=> x =17/4
So, they meet 4 hrs.15 min. after 10 a.m i.e., at 2.15 p.m.
Ex. 11. A goods train leaves a station at a certain time and at a fixed speed. After ^hours, an express train leaves the same station and moves in the same direction at a uniform speed of 90 kmph. This train catches up the goods train in 4 hours. Find the speed of the goods train.
Sol.Let the speed of the goods train be x kmph.
Distance covered by goods train in 10 hours= Distance covered by express train in 4 hours
10x = 4 x 90 or x =36.
So, speed of goods train = 36kmph.
Ex. 12. A thief is spotted by a policeman from a distance of 100 metres. When the policeman starts the chase, the thief also starts running. If the speed of the thief be 8km/hr and that of the policeman 10 km/hr, how far the thief will have run before he is overtaken?
Sol. Relative speed of the policeman = (10-8) km/hr =2 km/hr.
Time taken by police man to cover 100m 100x1hr = 1hr.
1000220
In 1hrs, the thief covers a distance of 8x1km = 2km= 400 m
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Ex.13. I walk a certain distance and ride back taking a total time of 37 minutes. I could walk both ways in 55 minutes. How long would it take me to ride both ways?
Sol. Let the distance be x km. Then,
( Time taken to walk x km) + (time taken to ride x km) =37 min.
( Time taken to walk 2x km ) + ( time taken to ride 2x km )= 74 min.